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Unit 14. Car, Care.

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The Vowel Sounds /a:(r)/ and /е∂(r)/

Unit 14; Part A

In many accents in England, the letter R is not pronounced after a vowel. In other places, the R is pronounced, for example in most parts of North America. But in both cases, the letter R makes the vowel before it sound different. If the vowel is A, we usually get the vowel sounds in car /a:/ or care /e∂/.
Listen to the sound /a:/.
Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this long vowel sound.


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Listen to the target sound /a:/ in the words below and compare it with the words on each side.

          target /a:/
fur           far       four
bore        bar      bear
hurt       heart     hate
much    march    match


Then listen and repeat the examples of the target sound.
Examples
:

        calm     card    cart
        star       starve    start
        harm     halve    half


"It's hard to park a car in a dark car park." 
note.jpgNote: Sometimes we get the sound /a:/ before L too.

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Important for listening!
  • Listen to the sound with R pronounced, as in North America:
       far       bar       heart       march       card       star       start       charm        chart
  • In South East England, the letter A followed by S, F, TH, N is often pronounced /a:/
    ask       fast       after       path        bath        dance       aunt
  • North America, the single letter O is pronounced /a:/: God, strong, lock, top. (See Unit 16.)
 

Unit 14; Part B

Listen to the sound /e∂/.
Look at the mouth diagram to see how to make this sound. 

14.2.jpg
Listen to the target sound /e∂/ in the words below and compare it with the words on each side.

         target /e∂/
bar       bear      beer
shy       share     sure
dead    dared    died
stars     stairs     stays


Then listen and repeat the examples of the target sound.
           square        squares
           where       where's
           fair        fairly


"Sarah and Mary share their pears fairly"

 
idea.jpgImportant for listening!
Different accents: Listen to the sound with the R pronounced, as in North America:

bear     share    dared    stairs    square    where     cared    fairly
 
  

Unit 14; Part C

Spelling

 frequently
sometimes
/a:/
AR (car)
AL (half)
EAR (heart)
A
(ask, path, aunt): South East English accent
/e∂/
ARE (care), AIR (fair)
EAR
(bear), ERE (where)
 

 

 



Exercises

flag.jpgMake words with these beginnings and endings and write them in the correct part of the table. Key.words with the vowel /a:/ bar    far   dart   star   start    car    card   cart   calm    half   hard    chart
(and also...
bard    balm    fart    calf    hart    char)
words with the vowel /eэ/  bare    rare    dare    fair    stair   square    care   hair    chair
(and also...
fare   stare    hare)


words with the vowel /a:/
words with the vowel /e∂/ 

     bar

 


      bare

 

 

 

beginnings      ba      fa      rа     da      sta      squa     ca      ha      cha
endings           r     re     If     ir     rd    rt     Im
galka.jpgComplete this conversation using the words in the box. Then listen and check.
cars   cares   stars   stairs

 

Sid:  This is a great life, with no worries or   cares !
Joe:  It would be nice if we had _______carsthough, Sid.
Sid:   I didn't say _______cars, I said _______cares!
Joe: Oh, I see. Not _______cars, as intraffic, but _______careswith an ES at the end!
Sid:  That's right. I've always loved sleeping under the _______stars.
Joe:  But why? There's hardly any space under the _______stairs!
Sid:  No, not _______stairs,_______stars! You know, little lightsin the sky.
Joe:  Oh,_______stars! I thought you said_______stairs, that people walk up!

Follow up: Playthe recording again, pausing the recording after each of Sid's lines.You say Joe's lines before listening to him saying them.


flag.jpgListen to these sentences. Is the accent from North America (they pronounce the R after the vowel) or South East England? Write Am. or Enq. Key.1.am.   2.eng.   3.am.   4.am.   5.am.   6.eng.   7.eng.
Example:    He asked her to dance    Eng. 
1    We started in March.       
2    It's a fast car.       
3    My heart's strong.       
4    Where's the bar?   
5    It stops and starts.
6    A glass of beer.
7    Was his hair dark or fair?
galka.jpgListen and circle the word you hear.  Key.1. heart   2. no way
3. far   4. part
5. beer   6. come


1    Heart or hat?    She put her hand on her heart / hat.
2    Nowhere or no way?    There's nowhere / no way to go.
3    Fair or far?    Ir isn't fair / far.
4    Part or port?    This is the main part / port of Athens.
5    Bear or beer?   That's a strong bear / beer.
6    Come or calm?    She told roe to come / calm down.
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