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Unit 65. Adjective + to ...




Unit 65; Part A

galka.jpgDifficult to understand etc.
Compare sentences (a) and (b):
65.1.jpg
You can use the same structures with:
easy       hard       impossible      dangerous       safe       expensive       cheap       nice    good       interesting       exciting
    Do you think it is safe (for us) to drink this water?
      Do you think this water is safe
(for us) to drink?  {not to drink it)
    The questions in the exam were very difficult. It was impossible to answer them.
      The questions in the exam were very difficult. They were impossible to answer.
(not to answer them)
    Jill has lots of interesting ideas. It's interesting to talk to her.
      Jill is interesting to talk to.
  (not to talk to her.)

You can also use this structure with adjective + noun:

    This is a difficult question (for me) to answer.  (not to answer it)

Unit 65; Part B

galka.jpg(It's) nice of (you) to ...
You can say 'It's nice of somebody to do something':

    It was nice of you to take me to the airport. Thank you very much.

You can use many other adjectives in this way.
For example:
       kind    clever    sensible    mean    silly    stupid    careless    unfair    considerate:
    It's silly of Mary to give up her job when she needs the money.
    I think it was very unfair of him to criticise me.

Unit 65; Part C

galka.jpgI'm sorry to ... / I was surprised to ... etc.
You can use adjective
+ to ... to say how somebody reacts to something:
    I was sorry to hear that your father is ill.

You can use many other adjectives in this way.
For example:
      happy    glad    pleased    sad    disappointed    surprised    amazed    astonished    relieved
    Was Julia surprised to see you?
    It was a long and tiring journey. We were glad to get home.

Unit 65; Part D

galka.jpgThe first / the next (etc.) + to ...
You can use to ... after the first/the last, the next, the only, the second (etc.):

    If I have any more news, you will be the first (person) to know.
    The next train to arrive at platform 4 will be the 10.50 to Cardiff.
    Everybody was late except me. I was the only one to arrive on time.

Unit 65; Part E

galka.jpgYou can say that something is sure/certain/likely/bound to happen:

    Carla is a very good student. She's bound to pass the exam.
  (= she is sure to pass)
    I'm likely to be late home this evening.  (= I will probably be late home)



Exercises

flag.jpg(Section A) Write these sentences in another way, beginning as shown.
Key.2    This machine is easy to use.
3    The window was very difficult to open.
4    Some words are impossible to translate.
5    A car is expensive to maintain.
6    That chair isn't safe to stand on.

1    It's difficult to understand him.   
2    It's easy to use this machine.       
3    It was very difficult to open the window.      
4    It's impossible to translate some words.      
5    It's expensive to maintain a car.       
6    It's not safe to stand on that chair.
He    is difficult to understand.   
This machine is ______________
The window __________________
Some words _________________
A __________________________
That ________________________

flag.jpg(Section A) Complete the second sentence. Use the adjective in brackets and to ... as in the example.
Key.2    It's an easy mistake to make.
3    It's a nice place to live. or ... a nice place to live in.
4    It was a good game to watch.


1    I couldn't answer the question.
2    Everybody makes that mistake.
3    I like living in this place.
4    We enjoyed watching the game.        
(difficult)     
(easy)
(nice)
(good)
It was a  diffficult question to understand.
It's an _______________________________
It's a ________________________________
It was a _____________________________

flag.jpg(Section B) Make a new sentence beginning It ... . Use one of these adjectives each time:
Key.2    It's careless of you to make the same mistake again and again.
3    It was nice of them to invite me (to stay with them). / It was nice of Dan and Jenny to ...
4    It's inconsiderate of them to make so much noise (at night). / It's inconsiderate of the neighbours to ...

 
careless        inconsiderate       kind        nice
 
1    Sue has offered to help me.
        It's kind of Sue to offer to help me.   
2    You make the same mistake again and again.
      ___________________________________
3    Dan and Jenny invited me to stay with them.
      ___________________________________
4    The neighbours make so much noise at night.
      ___________________________________
flag.jpg(Section C) Use the following words to complete these sentences:
Key.2    'm/am glad to hear   or was glad to hear
3    were surprised to see
4    'm/am sorry to hear  or was sorry to hear

 
sorry / hear    glad / hear    pleased / get    surprised / see
 
1    We    were pleased to get    your letter last week.
2    I got your message. I __________________ that you're keeping well.
3    We __________________ Paula at the party. We didn't expect her to come.
4    I __________________ that your mother isn't well. I hope she gets better soon.
flag.jpg(Section D) Complete the second sentence using the words in brackets + to ... .
Key.2    Paul was the last (person) to arrive.
3    Fiona was the only student to pass (the exam). /... the only one to pass (the exam).
4    I was the second customer/person to complain.
5    Neil Armstrong was the first person/man to walk on the moon.


1    Nobody left before me. 
      (the first) I was   the first person to leave.  
2    Everybody else arrived before Paul.
     (the last)  Paul was the ____________________
3    Fiona passed the exam. All the other students failed.
     (the only)  Fiona was ____________________
4    I complained to the restaurant manager about the service. Another customer had already complained.
     (the second)  I was ____________________
5    Neil Armstrong walked on the moon in 1969. Nobody had done this before him.
      (the first)  Neil Armstrong was ____________________
flag.jpg(Section E) Complete these sentences using the words in brackets and a suitable verb.
Key.2    're/are bound to be
3    'is sure to forget
4    'is not likely to rain  or isn't likely to rain
5    'is likely to be


1    Diane is a very good student.
      She    is bound to pass   the exam.  (bound)
2    I'm not surprised you're tired.
      After such a long journey you ______________ tired. (bound)
3    Andy has a very bad memory.
      He ______________ what you tell him.  (sure)
4    I don't think you need to take an umbrella.
      It ______________ (not likely)
5    The holidays begin this weekend.
      There ______________ a lot of traffic on the roads.  (likely)


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