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A family (Семья).

doc A family


doc Семья

When two persons are married, the man is called the husband; the woman becomes his wife. When a child is born in the family, the father and mother of the child are called parents. A family generally consists of a father, a mother and children — sons or daughters or both. The first born child is the eldest, the last born — the youngest. Two children that are born together are called twins.
Когда двое людей вступают в брак, мужчину называют мужем; а женщинастановится его женой. Когда в семье рождается ребенок, отец и матьребенка называются родителями. Семья в целом состоит из отца, матери идетей — сыновей или дочерей или и тех и других. Ребенок, родившийсяпервым, является старшим; тот, кто родился последним, — самым младшим. Двое детей, которые родились одновременно, называются близнецами
The father and mother of the wife (husband) become the father-in-law (inlaw-by marriage), and mother-in-law of the husband (wife). The husbandis the son-in-law; the wife — the daughter-in-law; they havebrothers-in-law and sisters-in-law.
The other members of the family are the relatives or relations: uncles, aunts, cousins, etc.
The brothers and sisters of any of the parents become the uncles andaunts of the children. The children of two married brothers or sistersare cousins to each other.
In case of a second marriage, we speak of a stepfather or a stepmother, stepson, stepdaughter, etc. 
Отец и мать жены (мужа) становятся тестем (свекром), и тещей (свекровью)мужа (жены). Муж — зять; жена — невестка; они имеют зятя (мужа сестры);шурина (брата жены); свояка (мужа свояченицы); деверя (брата мужа) иневестку (жену брата); золовку (сестру мужа); свояченицу (сестру жены).
Другие члены семейства — родственники или родные: дяди, тети, кузены, кузины и т. д.
Братья и сестры любого из родителей становятся дядями и тетями детей.Дети двух состоящих в браке братьев или сестер являются двоюроднымисестрами или братьями.
В случае второго брака, мы говорим об отчиме или мачехе, пасынке, падчерице, и т. д. 


info Vocabulary


Members of the family — Члены семьи
parents — родители
old folks at home (old folks) — старики (разг.), родители
father, mother — отец, мать
son, daughter — сын, дочь
senior son — старший сын
junior son — младший сын
eldest son (daughter) — старший(ая) сын (дочь)
youngest son (daughter) — младший(ая) сын (дочь)
elder brother (sister) — старший(ая) брат (сестра)
eldest brother (sister) — самый(ая) старший(ая) брат (сестра)
younger brother (sister) — младший(ая) брат (сестра)
youngest brother (sister) — самый(ая) младший(ая) брат (сестра)
ancestors ['asnsistsz] —предки
grandparents — бабушка и дедушка
grandfather (grandpapa, grandpa, grand-dad) — дедушка
grandmother (grandmamma, grandma, granny, grannie) — бабушка
great grandfather (-mother) — прадедушка (прабабушка)
descendants [di'send∂nts] — потомки
grandchildren — внуки
great grandchild — правнук (правнучка)
great grandson (granddaughter) — правнук (правнучка)
relatives — родственники
first cousin ['kΛzn] — двоюродный(ая) брат (сестра)
second cousin — троюродный(ая) брат (сестра)
father (mother) -in-law [lo:] — свекор, тесть (свекровь, теща)
uncle (aunt(ie) [a:nt] — дядя (тетя)
nephew ['nevju:] (niece [ni:s]) — племянник (племянница)
son (daughter) -in-law [b:] — зять (невестка, сноха)
husband — муж wife — жена
sister-in-law — невестка, золовка, свояченица
step-father (-mother) — отчим (мачеха)
step-child (step-son (-daughter) — пасынок (падчерица)
step-brother (-sister) (half-brother (-sister) — сводный(ая) брат (сестра)
milk (foster) -brother (sister) — молочный(ая) брат (сестра)
foster-father (-mother) — приемный (ая) отец (мать, кормилица)
foster-child — приемный ребенок
godchild (godson (daughter)) — крестник или крестница
godfather (mother) — крестный, крестная
bachelor — холостяк
widow — вдова
widower — вдовец
divorce, to divorce [di'vo:s] — развод, развестись
to adopt — усыновить
orphan ['o:fn] — сирота
to descend [di'send] — происходить, быть родом
age [еidз] — возраст
adult, grown-up — взрослый
teenager — подросток
youngster — юноша
baby — младенец
toddler — младенец, начавший ходить
aged, elderly — пожилой
middle-aged — средних лет
at the age of — в возрасте
to be over 30/40 — за 30/40
to be in one's early/late teens — быть в подростковом возрасте
be in one's early (mid, late) 20s — быть двадцати с небольшим лет (25-26, под тридцать)

quest Questions


1.    What is your age? (How old are you?) Are your grandparents or great-grandparents still living? Have you any brothers and sisters? Are they older or younger than you? What is your surname? Have you more than one Christian name?
2.    Give the feminine forms of: husband, uncle, boy, brother, bridegroom. Give the masculine forms of daughter, niece, grandmother, old maid.
3.    What do you call your father's brother? What do you call your mother's sister? Your uncle's son? Your aunt's daughter? Your sister's husband? Your brother's wife? Your brother's son? Your sister's daughter? Your father's father?
4.    Give expressions for: the anniversary of one's birth; the twenty-fifth anniversary of one's marriage; a woman who has lost her husband; a man who has lost his wife; a child who has lost its parents; the ceremony at which a child receives its Christian name; an unmarried man; an unmarried woman.
5.    Which relative did you like best as a child and why?

doc Task


Read these and express your opinion.

Quotes
A 'good' family, it seems, is one that used to be better. (Cleveland Amory)
A family is a little kingdom, torn with factions and exposed to revolutions. (Samuel Johnson)
A family is a place where principles are hammered and honed on the anvil of everyday living. (Charles Swindoll)
A family is a unit composed not only of children but of men, women, an occasional animal, and the common cold. (Ogden Nash)
A family's photograph album is generally about the extended family — and, often, is all that remains of it. (Susan Sontag)
A man's family sets him apart from all other living creatures — only man stands with his children from first to last, from birth to death, and to the grave. (Robert Nathan)
Call it a clan, call it a network, call it a tribe, call it a family. Whatever you call it, whoever you are, you need one. (Jane Howard)
He that raises a large family does, indeed, while he lives to observe them, stand a broader mark for sorrow; but then he stands a broader mark for pleasure too. (Benjamin Franklin)