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Lesson 1. How Many Letters, How Many Sounds?



here.png
Spelling and Pronunciation.

LESSON 1; Part A

galka.jpgThere are 26 letters in the English alphabet:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
galka.jpgThere are five vowel letters:
A E I О U
galka.jpgAnd thereare 21 consonant letters: 
B C D F G H J K L M N P Q R S T V W X Y Z

important.jpgButthere are more than 40 vowel and consonant sounds in English. Insome words, the number of letters is the same as the number of sounds.

  • best (4 letters,4 sounds)

bes
t
1 23
4
  • dentist (7 letters, 7 sounds)

d
e
nt
i
s t
1
23
4
5
67

LESSON 1; Part B

important.jpgSometimesthe number of sounds is different from the number of letters. In green, "ее" is one sound, and in happy, "pp" isone sound. 5 letters, 4 sounds

  • green (5 letters, 4 sounds)

g
r
e
e
n
1
2
34
  • happy (5 letters, 4 sounds)

h
a
p
p
y
1
2
34
In bread, "ea" is one sound. 
  • bread (5 letters, 4 sounds)

b
r
ea
d
12
34
In some words there are silent letters (letters with no sound). In listen, "t"is silent.
  • listen (6 letters, 5 sounds)
l
i
s
t
e
n
1
2
3
-
4
5
In some words, one letter is two sounds. The "x" in six is two sounds like "к + s".  
  • six  (3 letters, 4 sounds)
s
i
x
1
2
3
4

LESSON 1; Part C

important.jpgWe sometimes write the same sound differently indifferent words. For example, the "e" in red sounds like the "ea" in bread.
Sometimes two words have the same pronunciation but different spellings. know - no
dialogue.jpgA: Do you know? 
B: No, I don't.  
important.jpgAndsometimes two words have the same spelling but different pronunciations.
read (infinitive and present tense) - read (pasttense)
dialogue.jpgA: Do you want to read the newspaper?
B: No, thanks, I read itthis morning. 
Because there are moresounds than letters, we use symbols for pronunciation.1.6.jpg





Exercises



galka.jpgWrite  the number of letters and the number of sounds in these words.
 letters
sounds
green
32
1. all
_____3_____2
2. back
_____4
_____3
3. could
_____5
_____3
4. knee
_____4
_____2
5. sixty
_____5_____6
6. thing
_____5
_____3
7. who
_____3
_____2
8. address
_____7
_____5
   

galka.jpgSome pronunciation symbols are easy. Write the words in their normal spelling.
EXAMPLE /best/ best
1. /big/big   2. /dres/dress   3. /frend/friend   4. /giv/give   5. /help/help   6. /nekst/next   7. /'veri/very   8. /wel/well

Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat.

galka.jpgAll five words in each group have the same vowel letter - a, e, i, о oru - but one has a different vowel sound. Circle the word with thedifferent vowel sound in each group.
 
 on
topstop
one goneKeyone
1
give
time
sit
think
rich
Keytime
2
apple
bad
wash
catch
bank
Keywash
3
much
bus
sun
push
up
Keypush
4
many
maths
man
hat
flat
Keymany

Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat.

galka.jpgWrite words that rhyme (the end part of the word sounds the same).
 red
bed
 
1
key
tr_ _
Keytree
2
blue
sh_ _
Keyshoe
not
w_ _ _  
Keywhat 
4
one
r_ _
Keyrun 
5
date
w_ _ _
Keywait/weight 
6
lie
w_ _
Keywhy 
7
so
gh_ _
Keyshow 
8
beer  
n_ _ _
Keynear 

Check with the Key. Then listen and repeat.

el-2.jpg


Lesson 1 Lesson 2 forward.jpg



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