Within a speech unit, we can emphasise different words to convey different meanings. Compare the replies in these conversations: A: How long have you been frightened of spiders? B: // I've ALways been terrifed of spiders//(saying how long) A: Why don't you try keeping a spider as a pet? B: // I've always been TERrifed of spiders// (giving the reason)
A: Is there anything that really frightens you? B: // I've always been terrifed of SPIders// (saying what frightens him)
A: I've just finished reading Homebush Boy. B: // THAT'S the book I wanted//( = I couldn't remember the title until you said it) A: I'm going to read The Riders next. B: // That's the book I wanted//(= it's a pity you got it first) A: I couldn't get you The Collector, so I bought The Magus instead. B: // That's the book I WANted// ( = you were wrong; I did want The Magus)
We sometimes emphasise a word by making it prominent in order to -
make a contrast with something previously said (see also Unit 46). Compare: A: Did you find your keys? B: Yes, // they were under the TAble// but: I left my keys on the table, but when I came back// they were UNder the table//
correct something previously said (see also Unit 47). Compare: I noticed something white at the end of the garden, but when I got closer I couldn't believe it. // It was a white RABbit// but: A: When we were small we used to have this grey rabbit. B: // It was a WHITE rabbit//
A: How does your family know so much about medicine? B: // My father's a DOCtor// but: A: Your brother's a doctor, isn't he? B: No, // my FAther's a doctor//
Underline the word in B's replies that you think is most likely to be prominent in each case. Key.(Speaker A = Spain) 1 She's got three SISters. 2 I'm going NEXT week. 3 It's in EAST Newtown. 4 We live at fifty-NINE. 5 I said I'd be there LAter. 6 It was a BIG mistake. 7 But I work at HOME on Fridays. 8 You should have taken the first on the RIGHT. Example: A: What do you think Jill will want for lunch? B: She's coming after lunch. 1 A: Jean's got three brothers. B: She's got three sisters. 2 A: Have a good time in Paris this week. B: I'm going next week. 3 A: I thought the office was in West Newtown. B: It's in East Newtown. 4 A: You're at fifty-seven, aren't you? B: We live at fifty-nine. 5 A: You said you'd be there at 8.00. B: I said I'd be there later. 6 A: Do you think leaving school at 16 was a mistake? B: lt was a big mistake. 7 A: I'll see you in the office on Friday. B: But I work at home on Fridays. 8 A: We took the first on the left. B: You should have taken the first on the right.
Now listen, check your answers and then say the B parts aloud. Allof these are said in one speech unit with only one prominent word.Practise saying them without putting extra prominences in. (Forexample, say: // she's coming After lunch//, not: // she's COMing Afterlunch//.)
Each A part in this conversation is said as one speech unit with twoprominent words. Underline the two words you think are most likely tobe prominent in each A part. Key.In an OLD house by the RIVer. It's only a SHORT walk from the STAtion. It's FIVE minutes from the BUS stop. The FIRST house on the LEFT. A: Why don't you come and see us? B: Where do you live? A: In an old house by the river. B: I'd probably come by train. A: It's only a short walk from the station. B: And if I came by bus? A: It's five minutes from the bus stop. B: It's in Mill Lane, isn't it? Where exactly? A: The first house on the left.
Now listen, check your answers, and then say the A parts aloud. Makesure you emphasise the two prominent words in each speech unit and linkall the words in the speech unit smoothly together without pauses.
Follow up: Suggest what might have been said immediately before each of these statements: (i) //I I've never SEEN him before// (ii) // I've never seen HIM before//
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