Unit 7. Present perfect 1 (I have done).
Unit 7; Part A


He has lost his key.
He has lost his key = He lost it recently, and he still doesn't have it.
Have/has lost is the present perfect simple:
I/we/they/you have (= I've etc.) | finished lost done been etc. |
he/she/it has (= he's etc.) |
The present perfect simple is have/has + past participle. The past participle often ends in -ed (finished/decided etc.), but many important verbs are irregular (lost/done/written etc.).
For a list of irregular verbs, see Appendix 1.
Unit 7; Part B

• Ow! I've cut my finger.
• The road is closed. There's been (there has been) an accident.
• (from the news) Police have arrested two men in connection with the robbery.
When we use the present perfect, there is a connection with now. The action in the past has a result now:
• 'Where's your key?' 'I don't know. I've lost it.' (= I don't have it now)
• He told me his name, but I've forgotten it. (=I can't remember it now)
• 'Is Sally here?' 'No, she's gone out.' (= she is out now)
• I can't find my bag. Have you seen it? (= Do you know where it is now?)
Unit 7; Part C

Just = a short time ago:
• 'Are you hungry?' 'No, I've just had lunch.'
• Hello. Have you just arrived?
We use already to say that something happened sooner than expected:
• 'Don't forget to send the letter.' 'I've already sent it.'
• 'What time is Mark leaving?' 'He's already gone."
Yet = until now. Yet shows that the speaker is expecting something to happen. Use yet only in questions and negative sentences:
• Has it stopped raining yet?
• I've written the letter, but I haven't sent it yet.
Unit 7; Part D

• Jim is on holiday. He has gone to Italy. (= he is there now or on his way there)
• Jane is back home now. She has been to Italy. (= she has now come back)
Exercises
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