Unit 15. Past perfect (I had done).
Unit 15; Part A
Study this example situation: Sarahwent to a party last week. Paul went to the party too, but they didn'tsee each other. Paul left the party at 10.30 and Sarah arrived at 11o'clock. So: When Sarah arrived at the party, Paul wasn't there. He had gone home. Had gone is the past perfect (simple):
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The past perfect simple is had + past participle (gone/seen/finished etc). Sometimes we talk about something that happened in the past: • Sarah arrived at the party. This is the starting point of the story. Then, if we want to talk about things that happened before this time, we use the past perfect (had ...): • When Sarah arrived at the party, Paul had already gone home. Some more examples: • When we got home last night, we found that somebody had broken into the flat. • Karen didn't want to go to the cinema with us because she'd already seen the film. • At first I thought I'd done the right thing, but I soon realised that I'd made a big mistake. • The man sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. He hadn't flown before. or ... He had never flown before. |
Unit 15; Part B
Compare the present perfect (have seen etc.) and the past perfect (had seen etc.): |
Unit 15; Part C
Compare the past simple (left, was etc.) and the past perfect (had left, had been etc.):• A: Was Tom there when vou arrived? B: Yes, but he left soon afterwards. | • A: Was Tom there when you arrived? B: No, he had already left. |
• Kate at home when I phoned. She was at her mother's house. | • Kate had just got home when I phoned. She had been at her mother's house. |
Exercises
| Unit 14 Unit 15 Unit 16 | |
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