Unit 22. Will / shall 2.
Unit 22; Part A

• Diane is working next week. (not Diane will work)
• Are you going to watch television this evening? (not Will you watch)
For 'is working' and 'Are you going to ... ?', see Unit 19 and Unit 20.
But often, when we talk about the future, we are not talking about what somebody has decided to do. For example:
Kate is doing an exam next week. Chris and Joe are talking about it.

decided to pass'.
Joe is saying what he knows or thinks
will happen.
He is predicting the future.
When we predict a future happening or
situation, we use will / won't.
Some more examples:
• Jill has been away a long time. When she returns, she'll find a lot of changes here.
• 'Where will you be this time next year?' 'I'll be in Japan.'
• That plate is hot. If you touch it, you'll burn yourself.
• Tom won't pass the exam. He hasn't studied hard enough.
• When will you get your exam results?
Unit 22; Part B

probably I expect (I'm) sure (I) think (I) don't think I wonder | • I'll probably be home late tonight. • I haven't seen Carol today. I expect she'll phone this evening. • Don't worry about the exam. I'm sure you'll pass. • Do you think Sarah will like the present we bought her? • I don't think the exam will be very difficult. • I wonder what will happen. |
After I hope, we generally use the present (will is also possible):
• I hope Kate passes the exam. (or I hope Kate will pass ...)
• I hope it doesn't rain tomorrow.
Unit 22; Part C

For example:
• Don't phone Ann now. She'll be busy. (= she'll be busy now)
Unit 22; Part D

Normally we use shall only with I and we. You can say:
I shall or I will (I'll) we shall or we will (we'll)
• I shall be late this evening. (or I will be)
• We shall probably go to Scotland in the summer. (or We will probably go)
In spoken English we normally use I'll and we'll:
• We'll probably go to Scotland.
The negative of shall is shall not or shan't:
• I shan't be here tomorrow. (or I won't be)
Do not use shall with he/she/it/you/they:
• She will be very angry. (not She shall be)
Exercises
![]() | Unit 21 Unit 22 Unit 23 | ![]() |
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