Unit 64. То ..., for... and so that... (purpose)

Unit 64; Part A

We use to ... to say why somebody does something (= the purpose of an action):

•    'Why are you going out?'    'To post a letter.'
•    A friend of mine phoned to invite me to a party.
•    We shouted to warn everybody of the danger.

We use to ... to say why something exists (= its purpose):
•    This wall is to keep people out of the garden.
•    The president has a team of bodyguards to protect him.

Unit 64; Part B

We use to ... to say what can be done or must be done with something:

•    It's difficult to find a place to park in the centre. (= a place where you can park)
•    Would you like something to eat?
•    Have you got much work to do? (= work that you must do)
•    I get lonely if there's nobody to talk to.
•    I need something to open this bottle with.

Also money/time/chance/opportunity/energy/courage etc. to (do something):
•    They gave us some money to buy some food.
•    Do you have much opportunity to practise your English?
•    I need a few days to think about your proposal.

Unit 64; Part C

For ... and to ...
Compare:

for + noun	to + verb
*• I'm going to Spain for a holiday.*	*• I'm going to Spain to learn Spanish.* (not for learn, not for learning)
• What would you like for dinner? • Let's go to the pool for a swim.	• What would you like to eat? • Let's go to the pool to have a swim.

You can say 'for (somebody) to (do something)':
•    There weren't any chairs for us to sit on, so we had to sit on the floor.

You can use for -ing or to ... to talk about the general purpose of something, or what it is generally used for:
•    Do you use this brush for washing the dishes? (or ... to wash the dishes?)

You can use What ... for? to ask about purpose:
•    What is this switch for?
•    What did you do that for?

Unit 64; Part D

So that
Sometimes you have to use so that for purpose.
We use so that (not to ...) especially when the purpose is negative (so that ... won't/wouldn't):
•    I hurried so that I wouldn't be late. (= because I didn't want to be late)
•    Leave early so that you won't (or don't) miss the bus.

with can and could (so that ... can/could):
•    She's learning English so that she can study in Canada.
•    We moved to London so that we could see our friends more often.

Exercises

1 Choose from Box A and Box В to make a new sentence.

Choose from Box A and Box В to make a new sentence with to ... .

1    ~~I shouted~~
2    I had to go to the bank
3    I'm saving money
4    I went into hospital
5    I'm wearing two sweaters
6    I phoned the police

I want to keep warm
I wanted to report that my car had been stolen
I want to go to Canada
I had to have an operation
I needed to get some money
~~I wanted to warn people ot the dange~~

1    I shouted to warn people of the danger.
2    I had to go to the bank __________________
3    I _______________________________________
4 _________________________________________
5 _________________________________________
6 _________________________________________

2 Complete these sentences using a suitable verb.

Complete these sentences using a suitable verb.

1    The president has a team of bodyguards    to protect    him.
2    I didn't have enough time ___________ the newspaper today.
3    I came home by taxi. I didn't have the energy ___________.
4    'Would you like something ___________?'    'Yes, please. A cup of coffee.'
5    We need a bag ___________ these things in.
6    There will be a meeting next week ___________ the problem.
7    I wish we had enough money ___________ another car.
8    I saw Helen at the party, but we didn't have a chance ___________ to each other.
9    I need some new clothes. I don't have anything nice ___________.
10 They've just passed their exams. They're having a party ___________.
11 I can't do all this work alone. I need somebody ___________ me.

3 Put in to or for.

Put in to or for.

1    I'm going to Spain   for a holiday.
2    You need a lot of experience ______ this job.
3    You need a lot of experience ______ do this job.
4    We'll need more time ______ make a decision.
5    I went to the dentist ______ a check-up.
6    I had to put on my glasses ______ read the letter.
7    Do you have to wear glasses ______ reading?
8    I wish we had a garden ______ the children ______ play in.

4 Write sentences with so that.

Write sentences with so that.

1    I hurried. I didn't want to be late.
   I hurried so that I wouldn't be late.
2    I wore warm clothes. I didn't want to be cold.
     I wore ____________________________
3    I left Dave my phone number. I wanted him to be able to contact me.
     I ____________________________
4    We whispered. We didn't want anybody else to hear our conversation.
      ____________________________ nobody ____________________________
5    Please arrive early. We want to be able to start the meeting on time.
     Please ____________________________
6    Jennifer locked the door. She didn't want to be disturbed.
      ____________________________
7    I slowed down. I wanted the car behind me to be able to overtake.
     ____________________________

Unit 63 Unit 64 Unit 65